Canto 1 - Boyhood
Bāla-kāṇḍa
Chapter 70: Rāma’s Noble Lineage
Text 1.70.19
अव्यक्तप्रभवो ब्रह्मा शाश्वतो नित्य अव्ययः।
तस्मान्मरीचिः संजज्ञे मरीचेः काश्यपः सुतः॥
avyakta-prabhavo brahmā śāśvato nitya avyayaḥ
tasmān marīciḥ saṁjajñe marīceḥ kāśyapaḥ sutaḥ
avyakta-prabhavaḥ = from the unmanifest self-effulgent Lord; brahmā = was born Brahmā; śāśvataḥ = ever-lasting; nityaḥ = who is eternal; avyayaḥ = and inexhaustible; tasmāt = from him; marīciḥ = Marīci; saṁjajñe = was born; marīceḥ = Marīci’s; kāśyapaḥ = was Kaśyapa; sutaḥ = son.
From the unmanifest self-effulgent Lord was born Brahmā who is eternal, ever-lasting and inexhaustible. From him, Marīci was born. Marīci’s son was Kaśyapa.
The unmanifest is He who is beyond the range of sense perception and so on. Who is that? That will be described in the Ayodhyā-kāṇḍa of Rāmāyaṇa (2.110.5) thus:
ākāśa-prabhavo brahmā śāśvato nitya avyayaḥ
tasmān marīciḥ saṁjajñe marīceḥ kaśyapaḥ sutaḥ
“From the self-effulgent Lord was born Brahmā who is eternal, ever-lasting and inexhaustible. From him, Marīci was born. Marīci’s son was Kaśyapa.”
And who is that self-effulgent Lord [who generated Brahmā]? That will be clear in the Uttara-kāṇḍa of Rāmāyaṇa (7.104.4, 7):
saṅkṣipya hi purā lokān māyayā svayam eva hi
mahārṇave śayāno ‘psu māṁ tvaṁ pūrvam ajījanaḥ
[Lord Brahmā spoke to Lord Śrī Rāmacandra:] “Having wound up the worlds in the past by Your illusory potency, while sleeping on the great ocean, You created me in the past.”
padme divye ’rka-saṅkāśe nābhyām utpādya mām api
prājāpatyaṁ tvayā karma sarvaṁ mayi niveśitam
“Having generated me on a divine lotus shining like the sun, You entrusted me with the entire responsibility of a Prajāpati.”
Śāśvataḥ (“eternal”) indicates that Lord Brahmā lives for a long time. Nityaḥ (“ever-lasting”) indicates that he is not destroyed during the two parārdhas [the duration of a brahmāṇḍa]. Avyayaḥ (“inexhaustible”) indicates that he remains in every kalpa as he is, like a stream [of water in a waterfall].
NOTE. The Supreme Personality of Godhead has presented a genealogical synopsis of the universal population in the Bhagavad-gītā (10.6) thus:
maharṣayaḥ sapta pūrve catvāro manavas tathā
mad-bhāvā mānasā jātā yeṣāṁ loka imāḥ prajāḥ
“The seven great sages and before them the four other great sages and the Manus [progenitors of mankind] come from Me, born from My mind, and all the living beings populating the various planets descend from them.”