Canto 2 -
Ayodhyā-kāṇḍa
Chapter 6: The Residents of Kosala Prepare to Celebrate Rāma’s Coronation
Text 2.6.11-13

सिताभ्रशिखराभेषु देवतायतनेषु च।
चतुष्पथेषु रथ्यासु चैत्येष्वट्टालकेषु च॥

नानापण्यसमृद्धेषु वणिजामापणेषु च।
कुटुम्बिनां समृद्धेषु श्रीमत्सु भवनेषु च॥

सभासु चैव सर्वासु वृक्षेष्वालक्षितेषु च।
ध्वजाः समुच्छ्रिताश्चित्राः पताकाश्चाभवंस्तदा॥

sitābhra-śikharābheṣu devatāyataneṣu ca
catuṣ-patheṣu rathyāsu caityeṣv aṭṭālakeṣu ca

nānā-paṇya-samṛddheṣu vaṇijām āpaṇeṣu ca
kuṭumbināṁ samṛddheṣu śrīmatsu bhavaneṣu ca

sabhāsu caiva sarvāsu vṛkṣeṣv ālakṣiteṣu ca
dhvajāḥ samucchritāś citrāḥ patākāś cābhavaṁs tadā

sita-abhra-śikhara-ābheṣu = that resembled mountain peaks amidst white clouds; devatā-āyataneṣu ca = on temples; catuḥ-patheṣu = junctions of the road; rathyāsu = streets; caityeṣu = chaitya halls; aṭṭālakeṣu ca = watchtowers; nānā-paṇya-samṛddheṣu = flourishing with several shops; vaṇijām = of merchants; āpaṇeṣu ca = marketplaces; kuṭumbinām = with householders; samṛddheṣu = flourishing; śrīmatsu = prosperous; bhavaneṣu ca = homes; sabhāsu ca eva = halls; sarvāsu = from all directions; vṛkṣeṣu = [tall] trees; ālakṣiteṣu = that could be seen; ca = as well as; dhvajāḥ = flags with; samucchritāḥ = erected and hoisted; citrāḥ = colorful; patākāḥ ca = and without paintings; abhavan = were; tadā = then.

Colorful flags with and without paintings were then erected and hoisted on temples that resembled mountain peaks amidst white clouds, junctions of the road, streets, chaitya halls, watchtowers, marketplaces of merchants flourishing with several shops, prosperous homes flourishing with householders, halls as well as [tall] trees that could be seen from all directions.1


1. Caityeṣu refers to Chaitya halls that are generally identified with Buddhist stūpas. But it would be a mistake to consider that there were Buddhist stūpas in Ayodhyā in the literal sense, for text 1.6.14 there were no atheists in Ayodhyā—and those who do not accept the authority of the Vedas are technically considered to be atheists. It appears that these halls were later associated with Buddhist stūpas and so are now commonly identified with Buddhist stūpas.

 

1 Caityeṣu refers to Chaitya halls that are generally identified with Buddhist stūpas. But it would be a mistake to consider that there were Buddhist stūpas in Ayodhyā in the literal sense, for text 1.6.14 there were no atheists in Ayodhyā—and those who do not accept the authority of the Vedas are technically considered to be atheists. It appears that these halls were later associated with Buddhist stūpas and so are now commonly identified with Buddhist stūpas.