तर्पयित्वाथ सलिलैस्ते पितॄन्दैवतानि च।
स्तुवन्ति स्मोदितं सूर्यं देवताश्च समाहिताः॥
tarpayitvātha salilais te pitṝn daivatāni ca
stuvanti smoditaṁ sūryaṁ devatāś ca samāhitāḥ
tarpayitvā = propitiated and; atha = then; salilaiḥ = with water; te = they; pitṝn = the forefathers; daivatāni = demigods; ca = and sages; stuvanti sma = worshipped; uditam = the rising; sūryam = sun; devatāḥ = the presiding deities of the [morning] sandhyā; ca = and so on; samāhitāḥ = with fixed minds.
They then propitiated the forefathers, demigods and sages with water and worshipped the rising sun, the presiding deities of the [morning] sandhyā and so on, with fixed minds.
1 Śrīla Vyāsadeva’s Brahma-tarka, quoted by Śrīla Madhvācārya in his commentary to Vedānta-sūtra 4.1.4: nāmādi-prāṇa-paryantam ubhayoḥ prathamātvataḥ, aikya-dṛṣṭir iti bhrāntir abudhānāṁ bhaviṣyati. nāmādi-sthitir evātra brahmaṇo hi vidhīyate, sarvārthā prathamā yasmāt saptamy-arthā tato matā.
They worshipped [by chanting] with mantras such as [the Sūrya-upasthāna hymns] beginning with the words mitrasya [carṣaṇī].
NOTE. “They worshipped the rising sun, the presiding deities of the [morning] sandhyā and so on” factually means “They worshipped the Supreme Personality of Godhead Nārāyaṇa residing in the rising sun, the presiding deities of the morning sandhyā and so on” because this is a standard idiomatic usage in Vedic texts as explained by the Vaiṣṇava ācāryas in their commentaries to Vedānta-sūtra 4.1.4 (na pratīke na hi saḥ).
Chāndogya Upaniṣad 3.18.1 begins with the following text: mano brahmety upāsīta, which literally means, “One should meditate on the mind as the Supreme Lord.” However, on the authority of Śrī Vyāsadeva, Śrīla Baladeva Vidyābhūṣaṇa explains in his commentary to Vedānta-sūtra 4.1.4 that “One should meditate on the mind as the Supreme Lord” actually means: “One should meditate on the Supreme Lord in the mind.”1
The Supreme Lord Viṣṇu is all-pervading and He is especially meant to be worshipped as the Supersoul of specific extraordinary beings of this world. It is with this in mind that Arjuna asks Lord Kṛṣṇa, keṣu keṣu ca bhāveṣu cintyo ’si bhagavan mayā: “In what various physical forms of the material world are You to be remembered, O Supreme Personality of Godhead?” (Bhagavad-gītā 10.17)
This procedure of meditating on Lord Hari as residing in the sun, in the presiding demigods and so on is explicitly set out in Śrī Madhva’s Sad-ācāra-smṛti which was translated into Bengali and published by Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura for his followers.